Avoiding NullReferenceExceptions C# with Example
var person = new Person { Address = null; }; var city = person.Address.City; //throws a NullReferenceException var nullableCity = person.Address?.City; //returns the value of null This effect can be chained together: var person = new Person { Address = new Address { State = new State { Country = null } } }; // this will always return a value of at least "null" to be stored instead // of throwing a NullReferenceException var countryName = person?.Address?.State?.Country?.Name;